The main androgen, testosterone, affects a variety of parameters such as body composition, muscle metabolism and function, protein synthesis, and muscle mass.18,23 These parameters are related with the ability to perform efficiently during exercise.23,35,39.
Soccer is characterized as an intense intermittent team sport. Heart rate (HR) is used to monitor the players’ training response, as well as to quantify microcycle and mesocycle training intensity during preseason and in-season periods
The coaches’ ability to provide athletes with appropriate affordances (primarily, via the use of task constraints) within game-representative training environments is incumbent for skill learning.
Soccer is a sport that is characterized by the high presence of intermittent efforts during the 90minutes that the match lasts. This has been the conclusion drawn from various research studies that try to clarify the physical and physio-logical requirements of this sport.
Our main finding is consistent with that of previous work whereby elite youth players only attained ~90% of their peak velocity during matches.
The routine use of player-tracking devices to monitor training and competition loads has become standard practice in many elite international and professional team sports(Cummins, Orr, O’Connor, & West, 2013). Technologies such as global positioning system (GPS), local position measurement (LPM) and camera-based visual recognition systems are commonly used to assess competition demands and determine individual “work rates” (Polglaze, Dawson, & Peeling, 2016).
Soccer match play is generally characterised by brief bouts of high-intensity linear and multidirectional activity interspersed with longer recovery periods of lower intensity. Elite level soccer players typically cover 10 to 14 km in total distance per game, where both high-intensity (speeds >14.4 km/h) and very-high-intensity running distance (speeds >19.8 km/h) contribute ~25% and ~8% of the total distance covered, respectively.
In soccer, the final match result in team games, especially association soccer, is determined by multiple factors. One of them is players’ physical preparation which not only affects the level of physical activity of individual players and the whole team, but also the execution of players’ technical-tactical skills and performance efficiency during the game. Physical training has also a significant influence on the effectiveness of analytical and decision-making processes in the player’s brain, especially on making quick and accurate decisions in conditions of incremental fatigue during match-play. It also determines the dynamics of recovery processes during and after sport competition.
The purpose of this study was to identify variations in external load measures between sets (3 × 4’/2’ rest) of small-sided and conditioned game formats (goalkeeper + 5 vs. 5 + goalkeeper with specific tactical demands). Overall, 10 male professional soccer players (age: 28.1 ± 3.8 years, experience: 7.9 ± 2.9 years, height: 180.3 ± 5.8 cm, weight: 76.5 ± 6.3 kg) from a team competing in the first Portuguese league and in the UEFA Europa league participated in the study.
Small-sided soccer games (SSSG) are a specific exercise regime with two small teams playing against each other on a relatively small pitch. There is evidence from original research that SSSG exposure provides performance and health benefits for untrained adults.
Small-sided games (SSGs) with floaters are frequently adopted during the training process of soccer players. However, no study has previously investigated how the rules imposed to these additional players impact the physical, tactical, and physiological responses of the regular players. this study aimed to analyse the influence of the number of floaters on players’ tactical behaviour, physical demands, and physiological responses in soccer SSGs and to compare these variables between players with different positional statuses.
This review examined the methods used to monitor external and internal training loads in elite-level soccer and their relationships with injury risk. Due to the significant financial and performance burden of injury incidence in professional soccer, recent research has focused its attention upon understanding the relationship between training load and injury risk.
The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the association between 5 vs. 5 small sided games (SSG) running performance and physiological performance during the Yo-YoIR1 test to ascertain the utility of SSGs as a potential fitness test modality within elite professional soccer players.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of implementing the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) to prevent hamstring injuries in soccer. A professional team was followed by the same medical team during 5 successive seasons (2012/2013 through 2016/2017).
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